İslami İlimler Fakültesi

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Browsing İslami İlimler Fakültesi by Subject "fıkıh usulü, dil, kesinlik, sadrüşşeria, teftazani"

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    Dilin Kesinliği Problemini Hanefî Fıkıh Usûlüne Taşıyan Âlim: Sadrüşşerîa
    (İslam Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2021-09-28)
    The problem of the certainty of language, which has come to the fore in different ways in the histo- ry of Islamic thought and fiqh, was systematized for the first time by Fakhr Al-Dîn al-Râzî and the issue was examined within the framework he dealt with. Al-Râzî's claim regarding the language is far from certainty crit- icized by different thinkers such as Karâfî, Ibn Taymiyya, and Ibn Qayyim found himself in the work of Sadr al- Sharia, et-Tawdîh, one of the leading figures of the Hanafi fiqh and usul al-fiqh method since it would damage the trust in sharia. Classifying his work according to a certain arrangement, Sadr al-Sharia felt the need to raise this claim as a problem, although he did not associate the problem of the certainty of language with other pro- cedural issues and thus became the first scholar to include the problem of the certainty of the language in the Hanafi fiqh methodology. It is noteworthy that Sadr al-Sharia finds this issue worth discussing with a special bet in his work. As a matter of fact, the problem of the certainty of the language and why Sadr al-Sharia felt the need to deal with this issue were brought to the agenda in the commentary and annotations of al-Tawdih, which was a work that guided the Hanafi usul al-fiqh works after him. The fact that the problem of the certain- ty of the language, which is a matter mostly related to the theological method, takes place in the fiqh method- ology is based on the connection between kalam and usul al-fiqh. Sadr al-Sharia also pioneered the discussion of theological issues in Hanafi usul al-fiqh by bringing this issue to the agenda in his work, which he wrote with the mamzuc method (the tariqah al-cam‘) and he used the language of logic skillfully. In addition, although he does not mention it in al-Tavdîh, he demonstrates an understanding of certainty consistent with his discourse on the certainty of language in his work named Ta‘dîlü'l-ulûm, which increases the importance of Sadr al- Sharia in the debate on the certainty of language. It is determined that the views and evaluations of Taftazani, who had an important place in the Ottoman scientific community, were also influential in the approaches of the scholars who dealt with the problem of the certainty of the language after the Sadr al-Sharia. Additionally in this study, it is claimed that the approach of Sadr al-Sharia, who is a competent scholar in many fields of kalam, astronomy, logic and so on, to the problem of the certainty of language is consistent with the under- standing of certainty.